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When summarizing data, why is it important to report both the mean and the standard deviation?


A) two sets of data could have the same mean but different amounts of variability
B) this way both descriptive and inferential statistics are covered
C) this way the null hypothesis can be evaluated
D) this enables the researcher to avoid Type I and Type II errors

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Distinguish between the reliability and validity of a behavioral measure, explain how each is determined, and explain why a measure could be reliable but not valid.

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Reliability and validity are important c...

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Knowing the standard deviation of a set of scores, it is possible to calculate


A) range
B) variance
C) the mean
D) the frequency distribution

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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In the early reaction time research, reaction times for seemingly complex events were occasionally equal to the reaction times for simpler events. How could this have happened?


A) the simple additive model was inadequate
B) the equipment must have malfunctioned
C) the complex event was really much simpler
D) the experimenters did not have sufficient training

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Normally, which of the following outcomes is most desired by the researcher?


A) reject Ho; Ho is true
B) reject Ho; Ho is false
C) fail to reject Ho; Ho is true
D) fail to reject Ho; Ho is false

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is true about interval and ratio scales?


A) in a ratio scale, a score of zero means the absence of the phenomenon being measured
B) in an interval scale, it is not possible to achieve a score of zero
C) equal intervals exist in interval scales, but such is not the case in ratio scales
D) equal intervals exist in ratio scales, but such is not the case in interval scales

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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